1、 The properties of the membrane itself

Pore size: The pore size of the filter membrane directly determines its filtration accuracy. The smaller the aperture, the smaller the particles or molecules that can be intercepted, and the higher the filtration accuracy. Different types of filtration membranes (such as microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis membranes, etc.) have different pore size ranges and therefore have different filtration accuracies.

Membrane material: The choice of membrane material can also affect its filtration accuracy. Different materials have different physical and chemical properties, such as hydrophilicity, corrosion resistance, mechanical strength, etc., which all affect the filtration efficiency and service life of the membrane.

2、 Operating conditions

Inlet water quality: Impurities such as suspended solids, colloids, microorganisms, and organic matter in the inlet water will adhere to the membrane surface, causing membrane pore blockage and reducing filtration accuracy. Therefore, ensuring that the incoming water quality meets certain standards to reduce the impact on the membrane is the key to improving filtration accuracy.

Operating pressure: Within a certain pressure range, as the operating pressure increases, the flux of the filter membrane will increase and the filtration accuracy will correspondingly improve. However, excessive operating pressure may cause membrane pore deformation, thereby reducing filtration accuracy. Therefore, choosing the appropriate operating pressure is crucial for maintaining the accuracy of the filter membrane.

Operating temperature: Generally speaking, as the operating temperature increases, the thermal motion of water molecules intensifies, which is beneficial for water molecules to pass through membrane pores and improve filtration accuracy. However, excessively high operating temperatures may also cause membrane pore expansion and reduce filtration accuracy. Therefore, it is necessary to control the appropriate operating temperature to maintain good filtration efficiency.

3、 Maintenance and upkeep of membranes

Cleaning and maintenance: During long-term operation, the membrane surface will accumulate a certain degree of pollutants, leading to a decrease in filtration accuracy. Regularly cleaning and maintaining the membrane to restore its filtration performance is an important measure to maintain filtration accuracy.

The lifespan of the membrane: As the usage time increases, the performance of the membrane gradually decreases, and the filtration accuracy will also decrease. During the service life of the membrane, its performance, such as flux and filtration accuracy, should be regularly checked to ensure that the water quality meets the requirements. When the membrane performance significantly decreases, a new membrane should be replaced in a timely manner.

4、 Other factors

Flow velocity: The water flow velocity parallel to the membrane surface can also affect the filtration accuracy. Accelerating the flow rate can slow down concentration polarization and increase membrane flux, but excessively high flow rates can increase energy consumption and may cause damage to the membrane.

Inlet concentration and pretreatment: The higher the inlet concentration, the easier it is to form concentration polarization, which affects the filtration accuracy. Therefore, it is necessary to perform sufficient pretreatment on the incoming water when necessary, such as sedimentation, filtration, disinfection, etc., to reduce the impurity content in the water.

The accuracy of the filtration membrane is influenced by the properties of the membrane itself, operating conditions, maintenance and upkeep of the membrane, and various other factors. In practical applications, it is necessary to comprehensively consider these factors based on specific situations in order to select suitable filtration membranes and maintain good filtration effects.